Arthurblody (2021-05-18 20:47:39)

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Microfilaremia, the existence of heartworm offspring in the bloodstream of infected dogs, is comparatively common. But, not all heartworm infections cause such offspring circulating in blood. These are known as occult heartworm infections and may be the result of a number of factors such as single sex heartworm infections, host immune responses affecting the presence of circulating offspring (microfilariae) and most importantly, the management of heartworm preventives.The onset and severity of illness in the dog is principally a reflection of the number of mature heartworms present, the age of the disease and the level of activity of the dog. Dogs with higher numbers of worms are generally found to have more severe heart and lung disease affects. Until the amount of mature heartworms exceeds 50 in a 25-kg dog (approximately 55 pounds), nearly every one the heartworms live in the lower caudal pulmonary arteries (the blood vessels of the lower lung lobes). Higher numbers of heartworms lead to their own existence in the ideal chambers of the heart. In such ailments, the most common early pathological changes caused by heartworms are due to inflammatory processes that occur in and around the blood vessels of the lower part of the lungs in response to the presence of heartworms. Later, the heart may enlarge and become diminished due to an increased workload and congestive heart failure may occur. An extremely active puppy (e.g., working dog) is far more likely to develop severe disease with a comparatively few of heartworms compared to an inactive one (e.g., a lap dog or couch potato). On occasion, a dog with a large number of heartworms might not just have worms at the heart, but also from the caudal vena cava (large main vein of the body) involving the liver and the center. If the heartworms are not removed surgically, this syndrome causes abrupt collapse and death within two to three times.
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